Subjected to Science: Human Experimentation in America Before the Second World War (Revised)

The first full-length history of biomedical research with human subjects in the period before Tuskegee--from 1890 to 1940

Long before the U.S. government began conducting secret radiation and germ-warfare experiments, and long before the Tuskegee syphilis experiments, medical professionals had introduced--and hotly debated the ethics of--the use of human subjects in medical experiments. In Subjected to Science, Susan Lederer provides the first full-length history of biomedical research with human subjects in the earlier period, from 1890 to 1940.

Lederer offers detailed accounts of experiments--benign and otherwise--conducted on both healthy and unhealthy men, women, and children, including the yellow fever experiments (which ultimately became the subject of a Broadway play and Hollywood film), Udo Wile's dental drill experiments on insane patients, and Hideyo Noguchi's syphilis experiments, which involved injecting a number of healthy children and adults with the syphilis germ, luetin.